The
following sections list items that the DUI defense Lawyer may
want to consider obtaining either by investigative techniques or discovery.
The information that the DUI defense practitioner should consider obtaining
during the initial investigation is variable depending upon what type
of test you are challenging: Breath, blood or urine tests results.
Breath
Test Cases
- The officer's
training history on the particular machine used on the defendant. Sometimes
officers transition in from other departments and are not trained on
the breath machine in the new department.
- The current laboratory
license.
- The method the laboratory
has adopted or submitted to the state for breath alcohol testing.
- A copy of the manufacturer's
manual for the breath machine used.
- Titration records
for the simulator solution.
- Accuracy check records
for two months before and after the date of the test in question. These
are sometimes described as calibration check records. They are not,
however, records of actually calibrating the machine, they are just
a confirmation of the calibration.
- Logs showing how
many persons were tested during the period two months before and after
the test on the defendant.
Blood
and Urine Tests
- A portion of the
blood or urine sample obtained from the defendant. This is generally
referred to as a "split."
- The following records
pertaining to the analysis:
- The methodology
used in the analysis (i.e., the operating procedure of the laboratory).
- Any notes the analyst
made during the time of his or her analysis (sometimes called "bench
notes").
- The results of the
controls used in the run. These are known solutions or blanks that are
mixed in the run with actual samples.
- The result of the
defendant's sample.
- The actual chromatograms
of the test of the defendant's sample.
- Any testing that
was done to insure that other compounds or volatiles were not mistakenly
being analyzed as ethanol (sometimes called "specificity/interference"
testing).
- A copy of the "run
list." This list specifies which samples and controls were tested
in what order. With automation, a typical run may involve the analysis
of 40 different samples.
- The maintenance
records pertaining to the particular device used to measure the blood
or urine sample for three months before and after the defendant's
sample was analyzed.
- The chain of custody.
- A review of the
vial the sample was deposited in, or a copy of the information set forth
on the vial.
- Records reflecting
any proficiency tests given by an independent organization within the
last year to the laboratory and the analyst.
- Records reflecting
any internal proficiency tests given within the last year to the analyst.
- Any records reflecting
any accuracy checks conducted on any on vials purchased from a manufacturer.
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The instructions or checklist used by the phlebotomist for the blood
draw, or by the person who obtained the urine sample.
The
following are some items that the DUI defense practitioner should consider
for discovery in all cases whether it is a refusal or one type of testing
methodology.
- The police report.
- The names, addresses
and statements of any witnesses.
- All persons that
the defendant was with before, during and after the defendant's arrest.
- An inspection of
the scene because it lets the lawyer get a feel for the whole dynamic
in the case.
- Booking photos.
(It is recommend to obtain this through investigation and not
- Mechanical inspection
of the vehicle if the client indicates that there was something was
wrong with the car.
- Other accident reports
at the same location if they exist, and in serious cases involving major
accidents consulting with an accident reconstructionist is a must.
Obtaining accident reports of other accidents at the same location may
help show that it was the roadway, rather than the defendant, that contributed
to the accident.7
- Prior police reports
by the arresting officer. Some police officers write the same observations
in drunk driving arrest reports for every defendant they have arrested,
and this diminishes the credibility of the officer. All exculpatory
evidence.
- The defendant's
and any witnesses' criminal history ("rap sheet").
- The defendant's
driving record. The defense attorney needs to know the driving history
of the client so that the attorney can advise the client the consequences
of a possible plea bargain.
- One issue that
the DUI defense practitioner should address to the jury is that the
testing was analyzed with an automatic process and disavow the popular
belief that the testing was done individually.
If
discovery is pursued it should follow or run concurrent to the investigation,
excepting those items you would only want to obtain through investigation.
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